Does the engine have the ability to dynamically receive information about the strength of light falling on an object (or the surface of a mesh) to store it in a variable, such as float?

In the project it is necessary to receive information about how much the object is illuminated. This should happen in real time. Does the engine have the ability to dynamically receive information about the strength of light falling on an object (or the surface of a mesh) to store it in a variable, such as float?
Thankful in advance for any help.